In modern dentistry, different types of lasers are utilized based on whether the procedure involves soft tissue, hard tissue, or both. The primary lasers used include:

• Diode Lasers: These are specifically effective for soft tissue applications. They are commonly used for gum reshaping because they can reduce bacteria and provide cauterization, which results in minimal bleeding.

• Er:YAG Lasers: These are ideal for hard tissues, such as tooth enamel. They are frequently used for cavity preparation as they can vaporize decay with high precision while preserving the healthy parts of the tooth. They are also used to treat tooth sensitivity by sealing exposed dentin tubules.

• CO2 Lasers: These versatile lasers are capable of handling both soft and hard tissues. They are often used for surgical procedures that require extreme precision, such as performing biopsies or removing oral lesions.

These technologies allow dental professionals to perform treatments that are minimally invasive, often reducing the need for traditional drills or local anesthetics.